In June of another year, with the rapid rise in temperature and heavy rain in the south and drought in the north, while local governments continue to upgrade the response level of major meteorological disasters, they also have to allocate some energy to pay attention to the safety of new energy vehicles.
Photo: China’s official public platform for emergency management, in the early morning of March 22, a new energy vehicle spontaneously ignited while charging in Binjiang District, Hangzhou.
On April 16, a new energy car caught fire on the east side of the Jiamin Viaduct in Shanghai.
On April 29, a new energy vehicle caught fire on the approach bridge of Shanghai Nanpu Bridge to Puxi.
On May 11, a new energy vehicle in Tianjin caught fire and exploded without being recharged, affecting many cars around it.
Two days later, a new energy vehicle suddenly caught fire in a residential area in Jimo, Shandong Province, affecting four vehicles, three of which were seriously damaged.
On June 12, a new energy vehicle in Jiaozuo, Henan Province suddenly caught fire at a highway toll station and burned a car in five minutes.
In this way, the news is spread frequently, and the distribution range is both north and south.
When will people’s concerns about the safety of new energy vehicles be dispelled? On September 22 last year, an average of 8 vehicles caught fire every day.
On September 22 last year, Yan Fengmin, vice chairman of the China Association for the Promotion of Consumer goods quality and Safety, former director of the Law Enforcement Supervision Department of the State Administration of quality Supervision and Quarantine, and former deputy director of the Internet Trading Supervision Department of the State Administration of Market Supervision, sparked heated discussion in the industry at the first Automobile New Ecological Development Conference.
He mentioned that the main pain point in terms of product quality and safety related to driving safety is the quality and safety of power batteries.
According to emergency management statistics, in the first quarter of 2023 alone, the spontaneous combustion rate of new energy vehicles increased by 32%, with an average of 8 new energy vehicles having fires (including spontaneous combustion) every day.
Compared with the same period in 2022, the number of new energy vehicles that catch fire every day is still 7.
Of course, the surge of this data is inseparable from the multiplication of China’s new energy vehicle market.
According to data from the Ministry of Public Security, by the end of 2023, the number of new energy vehicles in the country had reached 20.
41 million, of which 15.
52 million were pure electric vehicles, accounting for 76.
04 percent, 7.
31 million new energy vehicles compared with 2022, of which 507 were pure electric vehicles.
With a large base, safety is of great concern.
According to CCTV statistics, the distribution of fire accidents of new energy vehicles reported by enterprises in the past six years is the high incidence period from June to August, and the distribution of fire periods is relatively average, but the number of fires from 7 to 9 o’clock and 13:00 to 18:00 every day is relatively large and concentrated.
Photo: screenshot of CCTV, Zhang Liang, associate researcher of Tianjin Fire Protection Research Institute of the Emergency Management Department, explained that high temperature and humidity, including the rainy season, are all factors that cause the corresponding risks.
At the same time, he warned that regular maintenance tests should be carried out to avoid overcharging during the charging process.
In the event of a fire, the first time to escape from the vehicle, and then call the police, waiting for professional fire rescue personnel to rescue.
Among them, do not try to put out the fire by yourself, which is the advice of many firefighters.
The fire that cannot be put out is even more helpless.
In March this year, the conclusion of a public speech by Academician Ouyang Minggao caused an uproar on the Internet.
That is, the spontaneous combustion rate of fuel vehicles is higher than that of new energy vehicles.
Picture source: Academician Ouyang Minggao took a screenshot of his speech report in March.
In the opposition, apart from those who questioned the data time, data base and calculation formula of Academician Ouyang Minggao, a number of practitioners in the industry, including Yang Xueliang, senior vice president of Zhejiang Geely holding Group, also gave different views.
Yang Xueliang said: “the feeling is not like this, the base is different, the number of years is different, and the cause of the fire is different.
” We can’t come to this conclusion simply.
There should be an organization that can test and compare it over a long period of time.
” As mentioned earlier, the number of new energy vehicles exceeded 20 million by 2023, but it is important to know that the number of new energy vehicles in China reached 336 million in the same period, with new energy vehicles accounting for 6.07%. And compared with the new energy vehicles which are really developed in 2020, fuel vehicles have a more far-reaching distribution not only in scale but also in years.
For this reason, CCTV statistics: in the past three years, the fire incidence of new energy vehicles in China has decreased from 1.
85 million in 2021 to 0.
96 per 10,000 in 2023, while the fire rate of fuel vehicles is about 1.
510, 000.
And the conclusion that “the current fire rate of new energy vehicles is lower than that of fuel vehicles” has not been convinced by the public.
In fact, the current situation of “spontaneous combustion of electric vehicles is news and no one listens to it” is not only because of the frequency of fire, but also because the risk of fire of new energy vehicles is much higher than that of fuel vehicles.
Peng Yi, deputy director of the operational training Section of the Fire Rescue Detachment in Huanggang City, Hubei Province, pointed out that the number of new energy vehicle fire accidents encountered by the team is significantly higher than before.
Speaking of the reasons, Peng Yi believes that with the increasing number of new energy vehicles, the number of traffic accidents involved has also increased.
“in the event of a traffic accident, the battery of a new energy vehicle is collided and squeezed, and the stable environment inside the battery may be destroyed, which in turn leads to fire,” Peng said.
Electric vehicles tend to have larger batteries.
Accidents tend to be more harmful.
According to the calculation of fire accidents of new energy vehicles reported by enterprises in the past six years, the average interval between seeing an open fire on the outside of the vehicle and a fire in the cab is only seconds.
Combined with the Jimo fire vehicle mentioned at the beginning of the article, it takes only 5 minutes from seeing the open fire to burning the whole car.
It is important to know that most new energy vehicles catch fire when the vehicle is still.
If other vehicles are parked around, such as residential parking lots and underground garages, it is possible to affect the surrounding buildings and vehicles.
And the power battery itself in the combustion process, will produce a large number of harmful substances, which do great harm to the human body.
At the same time, compared with fuel-fueled vehicles, new energy vehicles take longer to put out the fire, are more difficult to deal with, and are extremely easy to reignite.
Liang Jun of Shenzhen Fire Rescue Detachment revealed that judging from our daily investigation, cars with an interval of 5 or 6 days will reignite.
Especially after the fire is put out and the water is sprayed up, the short circuit is more likely to occur, because there is water as a conductor, so it is easy to cause rekindling.
After the accident, there must be professional personnel or professional enterprises to separate, destroy or dispose of the battery.
According to the data released by Hainan Fire Protection, there were 725 vehicle fires in the province in 2023, of which 387 were fuel vehicle fires, resulting in 118 losses.
14000 yuan, with an average loss of 30, 000 yuan.
59 new energy vehicle fires, with a loss of 9.
393 million yuan, with an average loss of 159000 yuan, which is the largest category of average fire loss in vehicles.
Hey, can a fire really be stopped? In the face of the possible risk of battery heat getting out of control, how to ensure the personal safety of drivers and minimize the loss has become a top priority for the whole industry.
As Luo Junjie, deputy director of the equipment Industry Department of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, stressed, “without safety, there will be no future for the development of China’s new energy vehicle industry.
” In May, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issued the mandatory national standard of GB 38031-2020 “Safety requirements for Power batteries for Electric vehicles”, requiring that when the car battery pack gets out of control, it should be given an early warning of 5 minutes in advance to set aside a safe escape time for passengers and passengers.
The national compulsory standard is the basis to ensure the healthy and stable development of the industry, which sets a clear bottom line for the development of the industry.
After the power battery industry giants Ningde era, Guoxuan Hi-Tech and Xin Wanda first launched “no fire” batteries, vehicle companies followed.
BYD’s “blade battery”, GAC Ean magazine battery, Dongfeng Lantu amber and mica battery system technology, Great Wall Dayu battery and honeycomb jelly battery came one after another, and even put out the slogan “no fire, no explosion”.
Based on this, recently, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology officially issued the Safety requirements for Power batteries for Electric vehicles (draft for soliciting opinions) to replace GB 38031-2020, which has been implemented for 4 years.
Source: screenshot of “Safety requirements for Power batteries for Electric vehicles” (draft for soliciting comments).
In the process of formulating the new standard, the research team learned from the feedback from the industry survey questionnaire that as of February 2024, 78% of the enterprises already have “no fire, no explosion” technical reserve, based on the above situation.
The research team agreed that it is technically feasible to raise the thermal diffusion requirement to “no fire, no explosion”.
This means that as long as the battery package or battery system catches fire and explodes after the battery unit is out of control, the battery will not meet the safety requirements of the power battery.
However, it is worth noting that the national standard is only for new technologies and new products that are not on the market, and vehicles on the road are not among them.
At the same time, the fire of new energy vehicles is not the only cause of heat out of control.
According to the data of the Department of Emergency Management, a total of 3312 fire alarms of new energy vehicles were collected in 2021 and 2022, in which, in addition to fires caused by power battery packs, low-voltage and high-voltage line failures can not be ignored.
Source: screenshot of the speech report of the Emergency Management Department, it is important to know that with the car “oil to electricity”, high-voltage components have greatly increased.
If it is a class B pure electric vehicle weighing 1.
6-2 tons, “even if it is not intelligent, its wiring harness usage will reach 4km, with a weight of about 60-80kg, accounting for about 3% and 5% of the vehicle weight.
” Wang Xianbin, senior director of the Global Automotive Research Institute, pointed out that this number will also fluctuate with the number of electronic devices.
Compared with fuel vehicles with longer wire harness and thicker cross section, new energy vehicles have to face many tests such as the rationality of wiring, material life, insulation waterproofing and so on.
Safety is relative, to a certain extent, electric vehicles from the power battery, BMS and vehicle design have a good development compared with the initial stage of development, safety risks continue to reduce.
However, it is undeniable that the pursuit of security should be endless, and it still needs the common progress of the country, industry, enterprises and users.
, return to the first electric network home page >.
